Research Information System
10th International Symposium on Hydrogen Energy, Renewable Energy and Materials, HEREM 2024, Bangkok, Thailand, 17 - 18 October 2024, vol.419 SPPHY, pp.150-155, (Full Text)
The European Union Directive 2009/01 mandates a maximum sulphur content of 10 ppm in diesel fuel used in vehicles. The desulfurization of diesel fuel has caused lubricity problems in fuel injection systems. To improve the lubricity property of diesel fuel, some additives like biodiesel, vegetable oils, and nanolubricants have been used for a long time. The EN 590 and ASTM D975 standards define the wear scar diameter to evaluate diesel fuel lubricity. This study presents the linear multiple correlation, non-linear multiple correlations, and one-dimensional correlations to estimate the wear scar diameter values of different nanolubricants (including 15 W-40 mineral oil and graphene nanoplatelets) and essential oil-diesel fuel blends as a function of concentration, speed, and load. The accuracy of proposed correlations is evaluated by comparing minimum, maximum, and average relative errors, and coefficient of determination values. The least-square error method is used to derive the correlations. The wear scar diameter values of nanolubricants are measured using a four-ball tribometer according to the ASTM D4172 standard, while their values of essential oil-diesel fuel blends are measured using the HFRR apparatus according to the CEC F-06-A-96 method by different authors. The one-dimensional correlation has achieved excellent prediction accuracy in wear scar diameter values depending on the concentration of essential oil with low relative errors (0.2335%–2.6802%). Similarly, the non-linear multiple correlation depending on the concentration of graphene nanoplatelets, speed, and load gives excellent prediction accuracy in wear scar diameter values with low relative errors (0%–5.8091%) and a coefficient of determination of 0.9998.