Experimental evaluation of thermal and electrical performance of Li-ion battery modules using expanded graphite/paraffin composites with varying bulk densities
International Journal of Thermal Sciences, cilt.232, 2027 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 232
- Basım Tarihi: 2027
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2026.111307
- Dergi Adı: International Journal of Thermal Sciences
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Compendex, INSPEC, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Bulk density effects, Composite (graphite/PCM) structures, Lithium-ion batteries, Passive thermal control, Thermal management systems
- Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Electro-mobility with Li-ion technology has significant potential to support the sustainable development goals (SDGs), including affordable and clean energy, sustainable cities and communities. Electro-mobility performance links directly with Li-ion battery performance, and the performance and safety levels of these batteries are primarily a function of operating temperature. Although the PCM-graphite-based approach offers a valuable solution to regulate the operating temperature, there are limited studies providing experimental data on the effect of the graphite matrix bulk density in a battery module under realistic operational conditions. Therefore, a systematic experimental investigation is carried out to quantify the thermal and electrical performance of a battery module equipped with a passive expanded graphite matrix/PCM composite. Battery modules with 6S4P cell configuration were used in this study. Experiments were carried out using RT-42 PCM for different matrix bulk densities (50 g/L, 75 g/L, and 100 g/L), different ambient temperatures (25 °C and 35 °C), and different discharge currents (13.4 A and 30 A). The performances of composite battery modules and bare battery module were compared and discussed. For the 25 °C and 30 A test, the RT-42/EG (100 g/L) module showed improvements of 21.4 % and 68.8 % in maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference, respectively, compared to the bare module. In the demanding 35 °C and 30 A test, the same composite battery module showed improvements of 91 %, 91 % and 73 % over the bare battery module in operating time, discharge capacity and delivered energy, respectively. This passive approach mitigates thermal hotspots and reduces safety risks without pumps or coolant, and because it fits within the existing inter-cell spaces, it adds no volume to the module.