The impact of output volatility on CO2 emissions in Turkey: testing EKC hypothesis with Fourier stationarity test

GENÇ M. C., Ekinci A., Sakarya B.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH, cilt.29, sa.2, ss.3008-3021, 2022 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 29 Sayı: 2
  • Basım Tarihi: 2022
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s11356-021-15448-3
  • Dergi Adı: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Scopus, IBZ Online, ABI/INFORM, Aerospace Database, Aqualine, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, EMBASE, Environment Index, Geobase, MEDLINE, Pollution Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.3008-3021
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Environmental Kuznets curve, CO2 emissions, Output volatility, ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE, OIL-PRICE SHOCK, ENERGY-CONSUMPTION, ECONOMIC-GROWTH, UNIT-ROOT, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, BUSINESS-CYCLE, RENEWABLE ENERGY, CARBON EMISSIONS, COAL CONSUMPTION
  • Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

This study uses the output volatility-augmented environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) model to determine the dynamic short- and long-term impacts of the volatility of economic growth (VOL) on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Turkey from 1980 to 2015. The results of the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach indicate that there is a long-run relationship between CO2, per capita real GDP, per capita energy use, and VOL. The coefficients obtained from the ARDL estimation indicate that economic growth and energy use increase CO2 emissions, while VOL decreases CO2 emissions in the long run. Moreover, the coefficients obtained from the ARDL error correction model show that VOL decreases CO2 emissions in the short run, as well. We also find that the EKC is valid in Turkey. This implies for the Turkish case that achieving macro-stability under a "just transition" is key for achieving both economic and environmental benefits from ratifying international agreements such as Paris Agreement and EU Green Deal.