The investigation of the mechanical thermal and physical properties of using waste toner/MCC/old newspaper fiber in polypropylene hybrid composites

Peşman E., DÖNMEZ ÇAVDAR A., BORAN TORUN S.

POLYMER COMPOSITES, cilt.45, sa.16, ss.14757-14769, 2024 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 45 Sayı: 16
  • Basım Tarihi: 2024
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1002/pc.28797
  • Dergi Adı: POLYMER COMPOSITES
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, PASCAL, Aerospace Database, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, INSPEC, Metadex, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.14757-14769
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: microcrystalline cellulose, old newspaper, polypropylene, waste toner
  • Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

In this study, the effects of polypropylene (PP) composites produced by adding 10% old newspaper fibers (ONP), 5% microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), 3% polypropylene carbonate (PPC), and waste toner from 1% to 4% on the mechanical properties, physical properties, morphological, and thermal properties were investigated. According to the FTIR-ATR and SEM-EDS analysis results, it was determined that a significant part of the waste toner used in the study consisted of polystyrene co-acrylate, and the remaining part consisted of carbon black and trace amounts of silicate. In the research, it was determined that the flexural and tensile strengths of MCC/ONP/PP composites containing 1% waste toner and 3% PPC increased by 13% and 46%, respectively, compared to the control sample. Additionally, the samples with the lowest water absorption values were measured in composites containing 1% waste toner and 3% PPC. The highest crystallinity value (50.75%) was obtained with the use of 1% waste toner and 3% PPC in MCC/ONP/PP composites. However, with waste toner usage above 1%, the mechanical, thermal properties, and water absorption rate have slightly decreased. As a result of the study, it was concluded that up to 1% waste toner with 3% PPC can be used successfully in MCC/ONP/PP composites. Characterisation of waste toner and thermal decomposition of hybrid composites. image