Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
5. INTERNATIONAL ÜSKÜDAR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONGRESS, İstanbul, Türkiye, 22 - 23 Kasım 2025, ss.249-258, (Tam Metin Bildiri)
In this study, basalt-reinforced polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers were successfully fabricated via electrospinning using a DMF-based solution containing 70 wt% PAN and 30 wt% finely milled basalt powder. The basalt mineral was pre-treated in a planetary ball mill (Retsch PM 200) at 400 rpm for 2 h to achieve homogeneous particle dispersion without any process control agent. The obtained nanofibers exhibited a smooth and uniform morphology with an average diameter of approximately 220 nm, as confirmed by SEM analysis. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) verified the uniform distribution of basalt-derived elements such as Si, Al, Fe, and Mg, indicating successful mineral incorporation within the polymer matrix.
Thermogravimetric (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTGA) analyses revealed a significant enhancement in thermal stability for the basalt–PAN composites compared to pristine PAN nanofibers. The onset degradation temperature increased from ~290 °C to ~330 °C, and the maximum decomposition temperature shifted from 293 °C to around 395 °C. Furthermore, the residual char yield nearly doubled (from 15 wt% to ~30 wt%), highlighting the barrier and catalytic effects of the basalt’s metal oxide constituents, particularly Fe₂O₃ and TiO₂.
These results collectively demonstrate that basalt incorporation not only improves electrospinnability and fiber uniformity but also markedly enhances the thermal endurance and carbonization potential of PAN nanofibers. The developed basalt–PAN nanocomposite fibers offer promising applicability in high-temperature filtration, flame-retardant materials, and as precursors for carbon nanofiber fabrication.