Efficacy of <i>Vitex pseudo-negundo</i> in a Bovine Mastitis Model Experimentally Induced by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in Rats
VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SCIENCE, cilt.12, sa.4, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 12 Sayı: 4
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1002/vms3.71031
- Dergi Adı: VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SCIENCE
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, CAB Abstracts, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Directory of Open Access Journals, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biological Science Database (ProQuest)
- Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Background Mastitis is one of the most prevalent and economically significant diseases in dairy cattle, causing to inflammation of the mammary gland and reduced milk yield. Objectives This study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of Vitex pseudo-negundo (VPN) extracts in an experimentally induced rat mastitis model. Methods Sixty female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into six groups of 10. Group I served as the control group. Mastitis was induced by intramammary injection of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) (1.5 & times; 10(8) cfu/mL; 10 & micro;L per gland) into the L4, L5, R4 and R5 mammary glands. Group III received intramammary gentamicin (0.25 mg/10 & micro;L/day) for 5 days. Groups IV-VI received VPN extracts-water (0.2603 & micro;g/kg/day), ethanol (0.0803 & micro;g/kg/day) and petroleum ether (0.1042 & micro;g/kg/day), administered at 10 & micro;L per gland for the same duration. Rats were clinically monitored three times daily from the onset of clinical signs until euthanasia. Result SA infection significantly increased mammary gland weight, total oxidative status (TOS) and bacterial load and induced tissue pathology, while decreasing total antioxidant status (TAS). C-reactive protein levels remained unchanged. VPN significantly improved mammary gland weight, TOS, TAS, bacterial load and histological parameters (p < 0.001). Mammary gland weight, oxidative stress, bacterial load and histopathological lesion severity all decreased markedly following treatment. Histological examination showed near-normal restoration of mammary gland architecture in all treatment groups. Conclusion Preparations of VPN, particularly the water extract, demonstrated strong potential for restoring altered microbiological, biochemical and histological parameters in this rat mastitis model.