Research Information System
5th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON KHAZAR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, Almati, Kazakhstan, 26 December 2024 - 28 January 2025, pp.430-441
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an important health problem affecting millions of people worldwide by reducing the duration and quality of life of patients. Besides locomotor dysfunction, SCI induces several somatic and autonomic problems including urinary bladder dysfunction. It has been well documented that after the initial damage of the spinal cord, a series of cellular events at the site of injured nerves and target tissues occur that cause the SCI to be widely spread and permanent. Oxidative stress and free radical damage are considered important secondary consequences of SCI, which, along with lipid peroxidation, end up in neurodegeneration, inflammation, and scar tissue formation, making SCIinduced damage hard to treat. SCI-induced urinary bladder dysfunction (SCI-UBD) represents in the form of bladder overactivity or areflexia depending on lesion location and type of affected neurons. Despite being widely prescribed, medications used to control SCI-UBD still have many drawbacks that hinder their effectiveness and patient compliance. Therefore, the development of effective treatments with new mechanisms of action is highly needed. Recently, neutralizing the harmful effects of free radicals, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS), by antioxidants has gained research interest. This study aims to provide a comprehensive look over the new emerging antioxidants evaluated for SCIUBD in the last 5 years in preclinical animal models. PubMed®, Wiley® and ScienceDirect® databases were searched using the keywords “spinal cord injury”, “bladder dysfunction”, and “antioxidants” between the years 2019-2024. A total of 7 full text research review articles were included in this review with the exclusion of clinical trials conducted in the target time frame. The results indicated that various compounds are currently being researched and have shown positive outcomes for the targeted indication. Each of the compounds under research showed different mechanism of action, yet the final outcome was common as they all worked as antioxidants that decreased the SCI-UBD caused by oxidative stress. These compounds include dantrolene, tempo, cannabidiol, selenium, tannic acid, manganese dioxide (MnO2), and zinc. In conclusion, the new approach to treating SCI-UBD using antioxidants to decrease oxidative stress consequences has shown promising results and may be used in the future for the treatment of many SCI-induced dysfunctions.
Keywords: Spinal cord injury, bladder, nerve damage, oxidative stress