Intestinal Atresia
Current Approaches to Newborn Emergencies, NOVA Publications , ss.81-93, 2026
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Yayınevi: NOVA Publications
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.81-93
- Anahtar Kelimeler: atresia, colonic, ileal, jejunal, rectal
- Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Intestinal atresia is the most common congenital malformation requiring urgent surgical intervention in newborns, characterized by bilious vomiting, abdominal distension, and failure to pass meconium. Infants with congenital colonic stenosis usually manifest most of the clinical and laboratory findings of sepsis. The incidence of gastrointestinal system malformations in infants of mothers with polyhydramnios has been reported as 27% (Başaklar, 2006). In the diagnosis, multiple different air-fluid levels are observed on the abdominal radiograph depending on the level of colonic stenosis. Lateral radiographs are useful in distinguishing low-type small bowel atresia from colonic atresia. Opaque upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract radiographs are not useful in the diagnosis, but they can be helpful in case of suspicious diagnosis or incomplete obstruction. In infants with distal obstruction, differential diagnosis can be made based on the detection of diseases such as congenital megacolon, meconium ileus, and small left colon on lower GI tract radiography. Surgery is the mainstay treatment of intestinal atresia. Fluid-electrolyte imbalance should be regulated before surgery. Nasogastric decompression is essential. Recently, mortality and morbidity rates have decreased remarkably due to the advancements in intensive care conditions and parenteral nutrition techniques.