Multi-isotopic (O, H, C, S, Sr, B, Li) characterization of waters in a low-enthalpy geothermal system in Havza (Samsun), Turkey

Temizel E., GÜLTEKİN F., Ersoy A., Gulbay R. K.

GEOTHERMICS, cilt.97, 2021 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 97
  • Basım Tarihi: 2021
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2021.102240
  • Dergi Adı: GEOTHERMICS
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, PASCAL, Aerospace Database, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), CAB Abstracts, Communication Abstracts, Environment Index, Greenfile, INSPEC, Metadex, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Geothermal water, Lithium isotopes, Boron isotopes, Strontium isotopes, Havza geothermal field, LITHIUM ISOTOPES, WESTERN ANATOLIA, THERMAL WATERS, BAFRA SAMSUN, CHEMICAL GEOTHERMOMETRY, MONZOGABBROIC STOCKS, WEATHERING PROCESSES, STRONTIUM ISOTOPE, VOLCANIC-ROCKS, N TURKEY
  • Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

In this study, multi-isotopic (O, H, C, S, Sr, B, Li) compositions were used to perform geochemical characterization, determine the source and reservoir rocks, and explain the water-rock interaction mechanisms for geothermal fluids in the low-enthalpy Havza (Samsun) geothermal field (HGF) in Turkey. The geothermal water of Na-HCO3 water type has a wellhead temperature of 53 degrees C, pH of nearly 7.7 and an EC value of 1140 mu S/cm. The geothermal springs of Ca-HCO3 water type have an EC value of nearly 667 mu S/cm and a temperature of nearly 26 degrees C. The reservoir temperatures of the HGF geothermal system were calculated as 60-90 degrees C and 108-160 degrees C by silica and SO4-H2O oxygen isotope geothermometers, respectively. Stable isotope compositions (delta H-2 and delta O-18) show that the geothermal well water is mixed with deeply circulated waters fed from higher elevations (similar to 830-1260 m), while the geothermal spring water is mixed with shallow cold water. The positive delta C-13 value (+3.01%o) indicates that the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the geothermal well water has no contribution from the atmospheric CO2 but originates in the metamorphic CO2 and marine limestones. However, the DIC in the geothermal springs is derived from C3 plants and silicate weathering. The values of S-34(CDT) show that the sulfate in the geothermal waters is due to the dissolution of sulfate minerals. The values of delta B-11 (-1.12 to +9.37 %o) in the geothermal well and spring waters reflect both leaching of surrounding rocks and mantlederived B. The reservoir rock may be Late Cretaceous-Permian limestones and Jurassic sandstones considering Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios (0.707108-0.707688) and delta Li-7 values (-7.44 to +6.18 %o), whereas it might be Jurassic sandstones based on delta B-11 values. The strontium isotope composition of the geothermal spring water indicates the mixing of deep geothermal waters and cold groundwaters.