Ecosystem Services, cilt.77, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, SSCI, Scopus)
Sustainable management of forest ecosystems increasingly depends on robust methodological frameworks that integrate the quantification, valuation, and spatial assessment of ecosystem services (ES). This study develops and applies a systematic approach to assess the biophysical potential, economic value, and spatial distribution of key ES of wood and non-wood production, carbon sequestration, habitat for biodiversity, water production, erosion prevention, climate regulation and forest therapy in the Konyaaltı State Forest, Türkiye. Biophysical assessments were conducted using stand-level inventory data, expert knowledge, yield models, and species-specific habitat suitability analysis. The economic values were estimated through market price and value transfer methods and the spatial distribution of ES was mapped using GIS-based spatial analysis. The results indicate that average wood production (101.73 m3/ha) exceeds the national average (72 m3/ha), while mean carbon storage (122 tC/ha) reflects a medium capacity for climate regulation. Biodiversity habitat potential, evaluated for 17 target species, ranges from low to medium, and 37 % of the landscape contributes to air quality regulation by reducing dust resuspension. Multifunctionality analysis reveals that 58 % of the area has low ES capacity, 31 % moderate, 1 % high, and 11 % negligible. The total economic value of the assessed services is estimated at approximately US$828 million (US$8,617/ha). These results underscore the importance of ecosystem service assessments and demonstrate a foundational approach for strengthening ecosystem-based, multi-objective forest planning through the explicit integration of biophysical models, economic valuation, and spatial analysis.