Comparative mitochondrial genomics and phylogenetics for three Trachurus (Teleostei, Carangidae) species
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES, cilt.109, sa.3, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 109 Sayı: 3
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s10641-026-01884-y
- Dergi Adı: ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, Environment Index, Geobase, Zoological Record, Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biological Science Database (ProQuest), Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate Edition (EBSCO), Earth, Atmospheric, & Aquatic Science Collection (ProQuest), Pharma Collection (ProQuest)
- Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Mitochondrial genomes provide powerful insights into species identification, evolutionary processes, and phylogenetic relationships in fishes. Complete mitochondrial genomes of three Trachurus species (T. trachurus, T. mediterraneus, and T. picturatus), which are ecologically and commercially important pelagic fishes with partially overlapping distributions, were sequenced, assembled, and annotated. Of these, the mitogenomes of T. mediterraneus and T. picturatus are reported here for the first time, and the analyses were conducted using a combined dataset including these newly generated genomes and previously available GenBank records, representing a total of seven Trachurus species. The AT-rich mitochondrial genomes ranged from 16,557 to 16,561 bp in length and comprised 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (12S and 16S rRNA), 22 transfer RNA genes, and an 861-863 bp control region. The gene organization and arrangement are similar to those of other fish species in the family Carangidae. Selective pressure analysis showed that all PCGs are under purifying selection (Ka/Ks < 1), with relatively relaxed constraints in the nad genes (especially nad4, nad5, and nad6). Secondary structure analyses indicated that all tRNAs exhibited the typical cloverleaf secondary structure, except for tRNA(Ser)(AGY), which lacked a complete dihydrouridine (D) arm. Phylogenetic reconstruction and divergence time estimates based on complete mitogenomes indicate that the Trachurus genus originated in the Late Oligocene (ca. 30 Mya), followed by major diversification during the Miocene and Pliocene-Pleistocene. These patterns are likely linked to large-scale paleoceanographic events, including the closure of the Tethys Sea, the Messinian Salinity Crisis, and the emergence of the Isthmus of Panama. These results expand available mitogenomic resources for Trachurus, provide new insights into mitochondrial genome evolution, and identify informative genetic markers for species discrimination, offering a solid framework for future taxonomic, phylogenetic, and fisheries-related studies.