Additive effects of glue and staples on acoustic emission characteristics of surface-to-surface glued-stapled furniture joints under lateral loading

DEMİREL S., Wang Y., Hu W., Quin F., Zhang J.

Wood Material Science and Engineering, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Publication Date: 2026
  • Doi Number: 10.1080/17480272.2026.2696484
  • Journal Name: Wood Material Science and Engineering
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Applied Science & Technology Source, CAB Abstracts, Compendex, Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Engineering Source (EBSCO), Materials Science & Engineering Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
  • Keywords: Acoustic emission (AE), AE count rate, cumulative AE counts, furniture joints, lateral resistance load
  • Karadeniz Technical University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Acoustic emission (AE) characteristics of surface-to-surface furniture joints connected using adhesive only, staples only, and a combination of adhesive and staples were investigated under lateral load. AE cumulative counts-time curves of the evaluated joints can be divided into three distinct stages based on AE count rates: initiation, growth, and acceleration. The adhesive-stapled joints exhibited two sub-stages (Stage I and II) within the acceleration stage, whereas adhesive-only and stapled-only joints exhibited a single acceleration stage. The AE count rates of stapled-only joints in the initiation and growth stages are higher than the corresponding values for adhesive-only and adhesive-stapled joints. Adhesive-stapled joints exhibited a higher AE count rate than adhesive-only joints and stapled-only joints during the acceleration Stage I. Acceleration Stage II in adhesive-stapled joints has a much lower AE count rate than Stage I. These stage-specific count rate differences reveal distinct AE characteristics of three fastening systems, which have not been previously reported. These findings provide quantitative insights that can inform furniture frame structural design and quality performance testing.