Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Journal of Cleaner Production, cilt.461, 2024 (SCI-Expanded)
This study aims to explore the asymmetric effects of income inequality, financial development, and human development on the ecological footprint in Türkiye between 1990 and 2021, as well as the symmetric impacts of energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness, and urbanization. The Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag method is employed to examine the short- and long-term relationships among the variables. This study distinguishes itself from previous research by examining the asymmetric effects of income inequality, human development, and financial development on the environment in Türkiye, where significant economic and social transformations have occurred in the past few decades and have had severe impacts on the environment. The study's key findings demonstrate that shocks in income inequality, financial development, and human development have significant impacts on the ecological footprint. Our findings indicate the importance of using disaggregated data in the analyses. The results related to control variables indicate that energy consumption and economic growth exacerbate ecological pressure, while urbanization mitigates it. These findings have significant implications for policymakers, who can achieve socioeconomic and environmental gains by addressing crucial issues such as green job creation, green technologies, green financing, and environmental education.