Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Managing Mining and Minerals Processing Wastes: Concepts, Design, and Applications, Chongchong Qi,Craig H. Benson, Editör, Elsevier Science, Oxford/Amsterdam , London, ss.47-70, 2023
In
order to meet the increasing raw material needs of developing and growing
economies, millions of tons of mines are processed every year. Accordingly, billion
tons of mine wastes are generated. Sulfur-containing mine wastes (tailings) can
oxidize and acidify the environment causing acid mine drainage (AMD). AMD can
lead to the dissolution of heavy (toxic) metals and their transportation to
large areas with surface/underground waters. In this way, AMD can damage the
environment and ecosystem. Therefore, it is of great importance to determine
the AMD potential of sulfur-containing mine wastes/tailings. AMD potential is estimated
from the relation of acid production (AP) and neutralization potential (NP)
which were determined by static and kinetic tests. Mine wastes/tailings with a
strong AP potential are classified as hazardous mine wastes. Such materials are
stored in stockpiles,
tailings dams or underground production cavities as backfill considering the
specified legal regulations. Static tests are simple, inexpensive, and
short-term tests which are also the first step in the characterization of sulphidic
wastes. Kinetic tests are performed based on the static test results. Kinetic
tests are extensive, time-consuming, expensive, and special tests that can
simulate ambient conditions. This study overviews the i) environmental
effects of sulfur-containing mine wastes, ii) determination and characterization
of AMD using static and kinetic tests, iii) cemented paste backfill and
acid mine drainage, and iv) the studies performed on the acid mine
drainage potential of cemented paste backfill.