EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIOLOGY, vol.26, no.4, pp.298-303, 2009 (SCI-Expanded)
Background and objective The insertion of skull pins into the periosteum induces not only a haemodynamic response but also an increase in stress hormones. We compared the effects of scalp-nerve block, infiltration anaesthesia, and routine anaesthesia during skull-pin insertion on haemodynamic and stress responses to craniotomy.