Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, cilt.17, sa.02, ss.383-402, 2025 (Hakemli Dergi)
Effective control of real-time systems such as automotive, avionics, and industrial automation necessitates a high-bandwidth and low-cost real-time communication with low and bounded latency. Herein, real-time variants of IEEE 802.3 Ethernet are anticipated to be a key solution to provide timing guarantees to time-sensitive traffic in future industrial platforms. IEEE 802.1 Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) task group is the leading organization that aims to standardize Ethernet-based deterministic communication technologies, which build upon Audio Video Bridging (AVB) technology. Simulation and theoretical analysis are important means for temporal analysis of TSN to ensure that timing requirements of applications are satisfied. In this paper, an in-depth review of the recent work on delay analysis of TSN is provided. An Omnet++ simulation is developed to analyze the temporal performance of realistic in-vehicle and industrial automation use cases transmitting AVB streams. Furthermore, the worst-case network performance is also evaluated via theoretical analysis using AVB Latency Math. Our experimental results reveal that, using the in-vehicle use case, none of the End-to-End (E2E) latency values reported by Omnet++ exceeds the 2 ms deadline requirement of the AVB standard for time-critical streams, while the values reported by AVB-LM for 13 streams out of 31 violate this requirement. Our experiments
also show that there is an apparent decline in E2E latency of the transmitted streams with respect to the idle-slope (𝑖𝑠𝑙) parameter of Credit-Based Shaper mechanism used by AVB, such that E2E latency values resulting from Omnet++ and AVB-LM peak at 131.56 𝜇𝑠 and 696304.26 𝜇𝑠, respectively, when 𝑖𝑠𝑙 gets its smallest value, namely 0.15. Our work is an important research effort to support the national goals of the society regarding automotive, aerospace, and manufacturing industries, which require computer-based real-time control systems, taking into account that these industries are highlighted as the priority research targets by the 12th Development Plan of Republic of Türkiye.