Pegem Akademi, Ankara, 2024
This book has been carefully designed to provide an introduction to developments in Mathematics, recently, for under-graduate and postgraduate students. It includes research from different areas. Each topic is divided into sections of approximately the same length for instructors can easily pace their lectures. All definitions and theorems are stated carefully so that the students will appreciate the precision of language. Moreover the proofs are motivated and developed slowly. We are pleased with the range of topics that we have managed to include. Many thanks to researchers who contributed directly or indirectly to the completion of this book. I am grateful to referees for their healthy criticism and suggestions to improve the quality and standards.