Diagnosis and treatment of osteopenia

KARAGÜZEL G., Holick M.

REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS, cilt.11, sa.4, ss.237-251, 2010 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 11 Sayı: 4
  • Basım Tarihi: 2010
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s11154-010-9154-0
  • Dergi Adı: REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.237-251
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Osteopenia, Osteoporosis, Vitamin D, Anti-resorptive, Calcium, Bone health, BONE-MINERAL DENSITY, ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR-ALPHA, POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN, VITAMIN-D, VERTEBRAL FRACTURE, OLDER WOMEN, OSTEOPOROSIS, CALCIUM, PREVENTION, RISK
  • Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Osteopenia is a term to define bone density that is not normal but also not as low as osteoporosis. By definition from the World Health Organization osteopenia is defined by bone densitometry as a T score -1 to -2.5. There are many causes for osteopenia including calcium and vitamin D deficiency and inactivity. Genetics plays an important role in a person's bone mineral density and often Caucasian women with a thin body habitus who are premenopausal are found to have osteopenia. Correction of calcium and vitamin D deficiency and walking 3 to 5 miles a week can often improve bone density in the hip and spine. There are a variety of pharmaceutical agents that have been recommended for the treatment of osteopenia and osteoporosis including hormone replacement therapy, selective estrogen receptor modulator therapy, anti-resorptive therapy. In addition patients with osteoporosis who have failed anti-resorptive therapy can have a significant improvement in their bone density with anabolic therapy.