The aim of this research was at adapting The Science Learning Assesment which was developing by Samarapungavan, Mantzicopoulos, Patrick and French (2009) in a Turkish population and studying it’s properties of reliability and validity. The study group consists of 301 children who are 60-72 months old and in preschool education in schools from Ministry of National Education in Ankara. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, item-total correlations, test-retest correlations, KR-20 reliability analysis were performed in the scope of the reliability and validity study of the Science Learning Assesment Test. As a result of the analysis, a total of 24 items of the test consists of a two-factor structure was determined. While the first factor explained 18.28% of the total variance and the second factor explained 13.09% of the total variance; it was seen that two lower factor explained 31.37% of the total variance together. The high adaptive values obtained as a result of the confirmative factor analysis showed that the two factor structure of the scale was corfirmed. Internal consistency coefficients of Cronbach alpha were calculated; it was determined as .75 for the first lower factor; .81 for the second lower factor and .78 for the whole scale. In view of the acquired findings, the Science Learning Assesment Test was proved to be valid and reliable for 60-72 months old children.