Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
III. International Apitherapy and Nature Congress 2025, Baku, Azerbaycan, 21 - 23 Kasım 2025, cilt.3, sa.1, ss.97-104, (Tam Metin Bildiri)
Obesity, characterized by abnormal or excessive fat accumulation, is a global public health problem that lays the groundwork for many chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Its pathophysiology includes energy imbalance as well as adipose tissue dysfunction, chronic low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, and abnormalities in adipokine secretion. The side effects and limited efficacy of current pharmacological treatments have increased interest in natural and alternative approaches to obesity management. Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees, rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE). This review aims to examine the potential therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of propolis on the pathophysiology of obesity in light of current literature. Research shows that propolis regulates lipid metabolism, reducing hypertriglyceridemia and hepatic steatosis; increases insulin sensitivity by lowering HOMA-IR values; suppresses the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g.,TNF-α); and raises the levels of anti-inflammatory adipokines like adiponectin. Furthermore, there is strong evidence that propolis can increase energy expenditure by promoting the "browning" (beiging) of white adipose tissue and increasing UCP-1 expression. These multi-targeted mechanisms of action position propolis as a promising natural agent in the treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disorders.